On the technical management of a small hydropower plant
Technology management is the production of small hydropower plants all the technical activities of scientific management and strict organization, so that science and technology into productive forces, thereby enhancing economic efficiency. Improve the efficiency of protection is safe and secure core is the management of the result is effective. The technical management is a set of knowledge, intelligence, and technology-intensive profession, in our country, reconstruction is very conspicuous phenomenon of light-pipe in the project construction period is composed of a large number of departments from the governing body to operate, once the project put into operation will have no who is interested. Operation and management unit, the implementation of enterprise management, first, an extensive in-house production management, lack of incentives, and second, the traditional employment system is too inclusive, resulting in a low educational level business personnel, technical quality of the poor, the majority of workers affected by the end of formal training, the lack of should be Some of the knowledge. With the reform, social progress and scientific and technological development, all kinds of advanced technology and equipment widely used in small hydropower plants on the technical management of the operation has become increasingly dependent and demanding higher and higher. How to strengthen the technical management, improve the economic efficiency of enterprises, I believe that the technical management of a small hydropower plant in the following areas can be strengthened.
The establishment of a technical organization-wide management system built
A) small hydropower stations should be set up factories, workshops, technical management teams and groups 3 network, responsible for managing different levels of responsibility to the people. The establishment of technical information on the collection, accident and failure analysis, sorting, and feedback system. Regularly or irregularly technical exchange of experiences, summing up the work, technical innovation and rationalization proposals and other activities. Organization of professional and technical personnel to conduct analysis of the results of activities, classification, and technical research.
2) the establishment of equipment operation, maintenance, overhaul of the statistical analysis system. The installed capacity of small hydropower plant size and capacity of the units smaller, often overlooked in the operation of the unit equipment, operation, maintenance and accident or failure of the statistical analysis. Establish and improve the system, strengthening technical management of the operational status of equipment, maintenance and accidents or failures such as statistical analysis is conducive to take appropriate measures to improve equipment utilization, reduce the failure rate of equipment, played revenue and cut expenditure effect.
3) The technical quality of a small hydropower plant is to ensure safe operation of the security unit. Is mainly reflected in the quality assurance unit maintenance. Hydropower plant equipment overhaul, it should be strictly enforced teams and groups, workshops, power plants and self-test with a combination of three cross check verification system. Their acceptance of the content should include maintenance project to replace the device name, quantity, location, technical parameters recorded. Quality evaluation, and maintenance personnel, inspection personnel signature. And submitted to the equipment maintenance records, test reports and summary report repair information such as classification archived.
4) technology, records management. Technical file shall be responsible for the management professionals to ensure data integrity, system integration, accuracy, should be carefully classified the relevant instruments to collect and collate data, charts, units of raw data (design, construction, installation, commissioning, trial running records, design documents written materials, operation, maintenance, testing, inspection records, etc.). Special attention to collecting scattered in various face, workshops, teams and groups of data compilation and classification of archiving, the document should also be the establishment of a sound system of access.
5) Organization of professionals in order to seriously prepare to run, “Hydraulic Turbine and auxiliary equipment operating procedures,” “electrical equipment operating procedures,” “run the hydraulic structures of order”; and in strict accordance with procedures implemented, periodically run the personnel assessment, the examination.
2 strengthen the operation and management, improve management systems
1) In accordance with national laws, regulations and relevant procedures, combined with the actual factory make “safe production management system of personal responsibility,” “Rules for the Implementation of production accident investigation”, “production management methods,” “power plant and substation communications disruptions treatment methods “and” anti-accident measures plans, “” work sheet, operation ticket issuing system and the work permit system “and so on to meet the production and management needs. In operation and strictly implement “two votes”, “Three Systems” (Operation, work tickets, shift relief system, mobile inspection system and equipment for defect management system), good equipment, running records, to correct the bad habits operating condition. Operation of the system should also be established, that is running through the instrument instruction, running records, equipment, inspection and operation issues and phenomena reflected in the analysis, and timely to find out the problems and the causes, laws, and to take corresponding measures and countermeasures.
2) The optimal operation efficiency. Small hydropower plants in operation should correctly handle the water and irrigation, power generation, flood control, etc., and introducing optimal scheduling. First, a timely and accurate understanding of the hydrological forecast data, the upper reaches of hydrological stations and, based on upstream regulatory capacity of discharged water flows on to analyze, we are preparing the next day load forecasting to determine the operating mode; second is the rational use of the effective capacity of power stations, raising the upstream water level as much as possible operation; third is to use Feng Ku, peak and valley price policy, as far as possible the morning and evening peak of more power, increase our overall price level; fourth is a combination of unit operation mode, according to high efficiency, low water consumption principle of giving priority to ensure that units are efficient district operation in order to obtain the greatest economic benefit; 5 in conjunction with the scheduling department to properly carry the economy program, and to make full use of water resources, to maximize the benefit of power generation plant.
3) grasp the safety and promoting production, production safety, people-oriented. Technical management of small hydropower plants should always put safety first, safety should be established to improve the organizational system, adopt a series of effective measures, a strong system to restrain people. To implement the plan, with the lessons of blood safety in production and the vital interests of each employee is closely related to the implementation of procedures to enable staff to enhance the consciousness of the system. As well as all kinds of minor incidents in accordance with the “three left off” the principles of careful analysis of time to conduct investigations and incident investigation report written notification. With the safety rules binding on individuals, educating people with the lessons of the accident in order to motivate people Jiangyoufalie. In their form as “grasping security is a comprehensive grasp of production control”, thus enabling the trade unions to achieve safety alarm bells ringing.
3 enhancing the maintenance of Maintenance Management
Maintenance and overhaul of small hydropower plants must follow the principle of prevention first, and effectively “should be compulsory repair, maintenance mandatory good”, not to be “recklessly, their teeth.” In the “quality first, safety first” premise, with factory actually tap the potential, technology updates, technical transformation of work. Gradually shift to a recovery device performance up to improve equipment performance to extend the maintenance cycle, reducing maintenance schedule to ensure the quality of equipment maintenance. Efforts should be made to learn new techniques, master new techniques, are familiar with the physical and chemical properties of new materials and the use of methods; reformed the traditional repair methods and steps to take full advantage of network planning techniques, development of maintenance network diagrams, so that maintenance quality improvement, shorter duration, lower supplies , Gongli reduced.
4 strengthen the technical supervision
The technical supervision of a small hydropower plant is to use a variety of scientific testing methods, a variety of equipment on a regular or irregular inspection and testing, understand the technical condition of equipment and in the use of changes in the law to ensure that equipment in good technical condition . Technical supervision of small hydropower plants, including instrumentation, insulation, metals, chemicals and other oversight. The key on the instrument, insulation, metal three supervision. Instrument supervision is carried out on a regular basis various types of electrical instrumentation calibration, adjustment, repair, various types of instrumentation and measurement to ensure the integrity and accuracy of meter. Insulation monitoring is to prevent damage to electrical insulation, regular or irregular basis to the electrical equipment, lightning protection and grounding and other preventive inspection and testing, and monitoring their operational status. Metal supervision is the supervision of a variety of metal parts in the operation of the performance changes, particularly in gas turbine erosion and sediment damage and wear and tear on the wheel, easy-wear parts wear and tear and so on. Professional and technical personnel of small hydropower plants and testing equipment, lack of technical supervision is still a weak link remains to be further strengthened. 5 to enhance staff training and improve the overall quality of the
Small hydropower plants is small, but still a technology-intensive enterprises, on people’s quality requirements are not low. Small Hydropower Plant small-scale capacity of the units is small, fewer personnel; A lot of officers who are also electrical, mechanical and operational work and maintenance personnel who are also electrical, mechanical maintenance 2 level, and some stations did not even plant maintenance workers, equipment maintenance, when was deployed to run out and participate in staff overhaul. With scientific and technological development, many small hydropower plants has been widely applied advanced equipment and technology, the existing employees lack the necessary knowledge, find it hard at work. Therefore, to strengthen technical training of workers to improve the technical level of workers is the only way for the development of small hydropower plants. Technical training may take the following methods:
1) The attendance at the provincial water authority organized by various professional training courses;
2) the use of winter fallow time to organize an annual short course on hydropower technologies;
3) Participation in colleges correspondence, certificates, class learning;
4) Use and inviting approach to the institutions and the provincial co-sponsoring the state to take correspondence with the combination of face to face, so that workers can work in the theoretical study, in the work and practice in;
5) The education level of workers with the actual situation, targeted use of what learning what the job training;
6) Please masters or other units of the factory’s technical staff to mentoring way.